List #2 1945 - 1948 Own the Current 38 page 35 Photos Booklet (Order Now)

Fatalities to immigrants (September 1945 to May 1948) (excluding natural causes)

Ship #	Reg.Name	Ship	flag	Type	picture	GRT/built	Departure date	Sailed from	Arr.Date	Result	Number Aboard
101	Sirius	Dalin		f/b		35/	21 Aug 1945	Italy	28 Aug 1945	undetected	35
102	Nettuno	Natan 1				65/	27 Aug 1945	Italy	4 Sep 1945	undetected	79
103		Gabriela				60/	2 Sep 1945	Greece	9 Sep 1945	undetected	40
104	Pietro	Peter 1				170/1945	12 Sep 1945	Italy	17 Sep 1945	undetected	168
105	Nettuno	Natan 2				65/	24 Sep 1945	Italy	1 Oct 1945	undetected	73
106	Pietro	Peter 2				170/1945	15 Oct 1945	Italy	22 Oct 1945	undetected	174
107	Demetrios	Berl Katznelson	Greece	m/v		255/1896	16 Nov 1945	Greece	23 Nov 1945	arrested	220
Start of Royal Navy patrols off Palestine
108	Andarta	Hannah Senesh		m/v		144/1942	14 Dec 1945	Italy	25 Dec 1945	undetected	252
109	Rondine (1)	Enzo Sereni		m/v		410/1945	7 Jan 1946	Italy	17 Jan 1946	arrested	908
110	Kismet Adalia	Wingate		aux schr		200/	13 Mar 1946	Italy	25 Mar 1946	arrested	248
111	Asya	Tel Hai	Turkey	yt		427/1875	16 Mar 1946	France	27 Mar 1946	arrested	736
112	Smyrni	Max Nordau	Greece	m/v		761/1907	7 May 1946	Romania	14 May 1946	arrested	1754
113	Fede (1)	Dov Hos	Italy	m/v		512/1946	8 May 1946	Italy	13 May 1946	legal	675
114	Fenice (1)	Eliahu Golomb	Italy	m/v		313/1918	8 May 1946	Italy	13 May 1946	legal	735
115	Agios Andreas	Haviva Reik	Greece	m/v		150/	28 May 1946	Greece	8 Jun 1946	arrested	462
116	Colon	Josiah Wedgwood	Panama	str		980/1944	20 Jun 1946	Italy	26 Jun 1946	arrested	1259
117	Hochelaga	HaChayal HaIvri	Honduras	str		628/1900	14 Jul 1946	Belgium	31 Jul 1946	arrested	550
118	Balboa	Haganah (1)	Panama	str		980/1943	20 Jul 1946	France	24 Jun 1946	transferred	1108
118a	Balboa	Haganah (2)	Panama	str		980/1943	24 Jul 1946	Yugoslavia	29 Jul 1946	arrested	2678
119	Akbel	Biriah	Turkey	str		294/1898	22 Jun 1946	from #118	1 Jul 1946	arrested	1108
12 Aug 1946 : British announce that all future arrivals would be deported to Cyprus.
120	Sagolem	Yagur	Greece	m/v		300/	29 Jul 1946	France	11 Aug 1946	arrested	758
121	Ariette Salom	Henrietta Szold		aux schr		150/	30 Jul 1946	Greece	12 Aug 1946	arrested	536
122	Maria Serra	Katriel Jaffe	Italy	barkentine		335/1920	31 Jul 1946	Italy	13 Aug 1946	arrested	604
123	San Sisino	Twenty-Three	Italy	barkentine		283/1921	2 Aug 1946	Italy	15 Aug 1946	arrested	790
124	Ile de la Rose	Amiram Shochat	France	yawl		110/1913	6 Aug 1946	Italy	16 Aug 1946	undetected	183
125	Fede (2)	Arba Cheruyot	Italy	m/v		512/1946	23 Aug 1946	Italy	2 Sep 1946	arrested	1024
126	Ariella	Palmach	Italy	brigantine		235/1906	11 Sep 1946	Italy	22 Sep 1946	arrested	611
127	Fenice (2)	Bracha Fuld	Italy	m/v		313/1918	9 Oct 1946	Italy	20 Oct 1946	arrested	806
128	San Dimitrio	Latrun	Panama	str		733/1871	19 Oct 1946	France	1 Nov 1946	arrested	1279
129	Agia Anastasia	HaKedosha	Greece	m/v			8 Nov 1946	Yugoslavia	9 Nov 1946	sunk	600
130	Lochita	Knesset Israel	Panama	str		1870/1889	8 Nov 1946	Yugoslavia	25 Nov 1946	arrested	3845
131	Athina	Rafiah	Greece	str		273/1898	26 Nov 1946	Yugoslavia	5 Dec 1946	sunk	785
132	Merica	Lanegev	Italy	brigantine		296/1875	18 Jan 1947	France	9 Feb 1947	arrested	647
133	Ulua	Haim Arlosoroff	Honduras	str		808/1912	24 Jan 1947	Sweden	27 Feb 1947	arrested	1378
134	San Miguel	HaMapil HaAlmoni	Panama	str		472/1876	3 Feb 1947	France	17 Feb 1947	arrested	807
135	Abril	Ben Hecht	Honduras	yt		753/1930	1 Mar 1947	France	9 Mar 1947	arrested	597
136	Susannah	Shabtai Luzinsky	Italy	str		298/1946	4 Mar 1947	Italy	12 Mar 1947	undetected	823
137	San Felipe	Moledet	Panama	str		749/1876	23 Mar 1947	Italy	29 Mar 1947	arrested	1588
138	Guardian	Theodor Herzl	Honduras	str		1768/1907	2 Apr 1947	France	13 Apr 1947	arrested	2641
139	Galata	Shear Yashuv	Turkey	str		300/	7 Apr 1947	Italy	23 Apr 1947	arrested	768
140	Trade Winds	Hatikva	Honduras	str		741/1897	8 May 1947	Italy	17 May 1947	arrested	1414
141	Anal	Yehuda Halevi	Panama	str		253/1877	11 May 1947	Algeria	31 May 1947	arrested	399
142	Orietta	Mordei HaGetaot	Italy	barkentine		491/1920	13 May 1947	Italy	24 May 1947	arrested	1457
143	President Warfield	Exodus 1947	Honduras	str		1814/1928	11 Jul 1947	France	17 Jul 1947	arrested	4554
144	Luciano	Shivat Zion	Italy	barkentine		264/1902	16 Jul 1947	Algeria	28 Jul 1947	arrested	411
145	Bruna	14 Halalei Gesher Haziv	Italy	schr		297/1944	17 Jul 1947	Italy	28 Jul 1947	arrested	685
146	Farida	Af Al Pi Chen		LCT		350/1944	15 Sep 1947	Italy	27 Sep 1947	arrested	434
147	Northland	Medinat HaYehudim	Panama	str		1273/1927	26 Sep 1947	Bulgaria	2 Oct 1947	arrested	2664
148	Paducah	Geulah	Panama	str		916/1904	26 Sep 1947	Bulgaria	2 Oct 1947	arrested	1385
149	Albertina	Aliyah	Italy	motor schr		109/1945	5 Nov 1947	Italy	15 Nov 1947	undetected	182
150	Rafaellucia	Kadima	Italy	schr		351/1921	5 Nov 1947	Italy	16 Nov 1947	arrested	794
29 Nov 1947: United Nations approves partition of Palestine
151	Marie Annik	HaPortzim		schr		----/1927	22 Nov 1947	France	4 Dec 1947	undetected	167
152	Maria Cristina	Lo Tafchidunu	Italy	schr		371/1946	11 Dec 1947	Italy	22 Dec 1947	arrested	884
153	Giovanni Maria	29 BeNovember	Italy	barkentine		280/1907	14 Dec 1947	France	28 Dec 1947	arrested	680
154	Archimede	HaUmot HaMeuhadot	Italy	schr		350/1927	24 Dec 1947	Italy	1 Jan 1948	undetected	537
155	Pan Crescent	Atzmaut	Panama	str		4570/1901	27 Dec 1947	Bulgaria	1 Jan 1948	arrested	7612
156	Pan York	Kibbutz Galuyot	Panama	str		4570/1901	27 Dec 1947	Bulgaria	1 Jan 1948	arrested	7557
157	Sylvia Starita	35 Giborei Kfar Etzion	Italy	barkentine		114/1921	17 Jan 1948	Italy	31 Jan 1948	arrested	280
158	Ambrosiano	Yerushalayim Hanezura	Italy	brigantine		197/1914	3 Feb 1948	Italy	12 Feb 1948	arrested	679
159	Sette Fratelli	Lekommemiyut		schr		292/1945	8 Feb 1948	France	20 Feb 1948	arrested	696
160	Rondine (2)	Bonim v'Lochamim		schr		410/1945	18 Feb 1948	Yugoslavia	28 Feb 1948	arrested	982
161	Esmeralda	Yehiam		schr		343/1944	10 Mar 1948	Italy	29 Mar 1948	arrested	771
162	Vivare	Tirat Zvi	Italy	schr		446/1943	3 Apr 1948	Italy	12 Apr 1948	arrested	817
163	San Michele	Mishmar HaEmek	Italy	m/v		401/1947	14 Apr 1948	Italy	24 Apr 1948	arrested	782
164	Tadorne	Nakhshon	France	trwlr		402/1906	14 Apr 1948	France	26 Apr 1948	arrested	553
15 May 1948: British Mandate of Palestine ends; Independence of Israel proclaimed
165	Tuglia Cristina	Lanitzachon				220/	8 May 1948	Italy	17 May 1948		189
166	Orchidea	Medinat Yisrael				240/	8 May 1948	Italy	17 May 1948		243
167	Fabio	Krav Emek Ayalon	Italy			268/1945	20 May 1948	France	29 May 1948		706
Additional ships
168	Altalena	Altalena	Panama	LST		1820/1944	13 Jun 1948	France	22 Jun 1948		930
169	Calanit	Mala	Panama	str		1780/1896	Jul 1948	France	11 Jul 1948		1200

Selected Bibliography:

Aharoni, Reuben, Leaning Masts: Ships of Jewish Illegal Immigration and Arms after World War II, 1997. (Hebrew)

Avriel, Ehud, Open the Gates! The Dramatic Personal Story of "Illegal" Immigration to Israel. New York: Atheneum, 1975. The author was a principal operator of the Mossad. Preface by Golda Meir.

Frantz, Douglas & Catherine Collins, Death on the Black Sea: the Untold Story of the Struma and World War II's Holocaust at Sea. New York: Ecco: HarperCollins, 2003. Illustrated. A comprehensive study of the Struma catastrophe. Complete list of passengers.

Habas, Bracha, The Gate Breakers. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1963. No index. Translated from Hebrew by David Segal; illustrated by Anna Walinska.

Kimche, Jon & David, The Secret Roads: The "Illegal" Migration of a People 1938-1948.London, Secker & Warburg, 1954.

Klüger (Aliav), Ruth & Peggy Mann, The Last Escape: the Launching of the Largest Secret Rescue Movement of All Time. Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1973. The author was a member of Mossad personally involved in operations in Romania and Turkey. The book describes her involvement in the Tiger Hill and Darien sailings. Much is based on personal accounts. No index.

Lazar, Chaim, Despite It All. New York: Shengold Publishers, 1984. A history of illegal Jewish immigration as inspired by Jabotinsky 1930-1944 No index. Translated from Hebrew by Goldie Wachsman.

Naor, Mordechai, Haapala: Clandestine Immigration 1931-1948 Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defence Publishing House, 1987. An introduction to the subject. Translated from Hebrew.

Ofer, Dalia, Escaping the Holocaust: Illegal Immigration to the Land of Israel, 1939-1944. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Revised English version of Derech Bayam, published in Jerusalem in 1988. A scholarly work by a member of the faculty of Hebrew University, covering all facets of Aliyah Bet during World War II.

Ofer, Dalia & Weiner, Hannah, Dead-End Journey: the Tragic Story of the Kladovo-Šabac Group. Studies in the Shoah, volume XIV. New York: University Press of America, 1996. Translated from Hebrew by Anna Barber. The Kladovo group left Vienna in 1939 but were marooned in Yugoslavia and were murdered there by the Nazis in 1941.

Perl, William, Operation Action: Rescue from the Holocaust. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1983. Illustrated. The author was actively involved in Aliyah Bet in Vienna in 1938-39.

Rohwer, Jürgen, Die Versenkung der jüdischen Flüchtlingstransporter Struma und Mefkure im Schwarzen Meer (Februar 1942, August 1944). Frankfurt am Main: Bernard & Graefe Verlag, 1965. In German. Describes the activities of Jewish emigration from Romania 1941-44.

Steiner, Erich Gershon, The Story of the Patria. New York: Holocaust Library, 1982. No index. Translated from Hebrew by Dinah Cohen. The author was a leader of the refugees on the Milos; the characters are fictional.

Stewart, Ninian, The Royal Navy and the Palestine Patrol. London: Frank Cass, 2002. The author describes how the Royal Navy confronted the problem of illegal immigration.

Trevor, Daphne, Under the White Paper: Some Aspects of British Administration in Palestine from 1939 to 1947. Jerusalem: The Jerusalem Press, 1948. The early chapters cover immigration from 1939 to 1942.

Wasserstein, Bernard, Britain and the Jews of Europe 1939-1945. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1979. The author is a professor of history now at the University of Chicago.

New York Times

Palestine Post

Lloyd's Confidential Index

BeNetivei Ha'apala (In the Path of Immigration) The Illegal Immigration Database

http://www.shimur.co.il/show_item.asp?itemId=663&levelId=46221

http://www.shimur.org/english/files/wordocs/Questionnaire%20English.doc

British Archives, C.O. 733/466 Mauritius deportees

CO 733/466 Astir

Jabotinsky Institute Sakarya, Pencho

Lekarov V'larahok various ships1945-1947

(see Avotaynu XIV no.2, Summer 1998)

Death on the Black Sea, Frantz & Collins Struma

The Jews' Secret Fleet, Hochstein Crew members of American ships 1946-48.

The Atlit Internment Camp has a website and an e-mail address, phone numbers and regular mailing address. Forms can be downloaded from the website, http://www.shimur.co.il/english/index-e.html

Atlit Internment Camp 
POB 189
Atlit 30350
Israel
Tel.: +972-4-9841980
Fax: +972-4-9842814
e-mail: shimurm@netvision.net.il
website: www.shimur.co.il